Zhang Chunnian, male, Han nationality, born in October, 1931, is a native of Liyang, Jiangsu Province and a member of the Communist Party of China. In 1959, he graduated from Saint Petersburg State University as a graduate student. He is a researcher with the Institute of World History at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Group leader of the history subjects section at the National Social Science Foundation. His academic expertise is world and European history. Since 1992, he has enjoyed a special allowance awarded by the State Council.

Editor: Wang Daohang